Adilabad district

Adilabad

Edalabad
—  district  —
Coordinates
Country India
Civic agency Muncipality
Population

• Density

 24,88,003 (census 2,001)

• 129 /km2 (334 /sq mi)
Time zone IST (UTC+05:30)

Adilabad District (Telugu: ఆదిలాబాదు జిల్లా, Urdu: آدل آباد ضلع) is a district in Andhra Pradesh, India. The district headquarters is at Adilabad town. A famous Temple of the Goddess Saraswathi, the Hindu Goddess of Education, is located here in the town of Basara.Before 1975 80% of the land in this district was forest but now The forest land is below 40%.

Contents

Origin of name

The Adilabad district was named after the ruler of Bijapur Sultanate, Ali Adil Shah I.

History

The district was for long not a homogeneous unit and its component parts were ruled at different periods by dynasties namely, the Mauryas, Satavahanas, Vakatakas, Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas of Kalyani, Mughals, Bhosle Rajes of Nagpur and Asaf Jahis, besides the Gond Rajas of Sirpur and Chanda.

Originally this was a sub-district named Sirpur-Tandur which was created in A.D. 1872 with Edlabad (Adilabad), Rajura and Sirpur as its constituent talukas. In 1905, an independent district with headquarters at Adilabad was formed.

The district is currently a part of the Red Corridor.[1]

Geography

The district is situated on the northern boundary of Andhra Pradesh, forming a border with the Yeotmal and Chandrapur districts of Maharashtra on the north, east and western borders and Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts of Andhra Pradesh on the southern border.

Adilabad district occupies an area of 16,128 square kilometres (6,227 sq mi),[2] comparatively equivalent to Canada's Bathurst Island.[3] This makes it the fifth largest in Andhra Pradesh, occupying 5.90 percent of the area in Andhra Pradesh. It is however the second largest district in the Telangana of the inhabited and 167 uninhabited village and 11 towns. Forest in the district covers 44.8 percent of the total area, whereas its famous trees, teak covers 58.49 percent of the whole forest. The district has population of 2079098 which accounts for 3.13% of the total population of the State.

The Sahyadri parvat or Satnala range traverses the district from the north-west to the south-east for about 281.5 kilometers. In this range the Mahbubghat is the highest peak.

The most important river that drains the district is the River Godavari. The Penganga River, Wardha and Pranahita also drain the region. The Kadam and the Peddavagu are tributaries of the Godavari. There are also streams like Satnala, Swarnavagu, and Suddavagu which drain the district. The Godavari which is the largest river in peninsular India raises in the Western Ghats and enters this district near Basara in Mudhole Taluk. This mighty river forms the southern boundary of the district separating it from Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts. The Penganga forms part of the northern boundary of the district in Adilabad, while the Wardha and the Pranahita from the northern and eastern boundaries of the district.

The highest natural waterfall of Andhra Pradesh is situated at Kuntala (V) of Neradigonda mandal, Potchera Waterfall at Pochara(V) of Boath mandal.

Climate

There is a meteorological observatory at Adilabad. The climate of the district is characterized by hot summer and in general dry except during the south-west monsoon season.

The rainfall in the district, in general increases from the south-west towards the north east. About 85% of annual rainfall is received during the south-west monsoon season. The normal Annual rainfall of the district is 1044.5 mm.

The cold weather commences towards the end of November. December is generally the coldest month, with the mean daily maximum temperature at about 29 C and the minimum daily is 15 C although temperatures below 10 C are recorded almost each winter.

The relative humidities are high generally during the south-west monsoon season. The air is generally dry during the rest of the year.

Cities and towns

Economy

In 2006 the Indian government named Adilabad one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[4] It is one of the thirteen districts in Andhra Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[4]

Agriculture

Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in the district. The geographical area of the district is 4,004,035 acres (16,203.75 km2). The land used under different types is : forest land 42.8%, land put to non-agricultural uses 3.7% and Net agricultural area 35.4%.

The predominant Crop grown in the district is Jowar which accounts for 31.8% of the total cropped area. Paddy accounts for 10.8%, pulses and non-food crops for 34.7% of the total cropped area.

Industry

There are 15 large scale industries and 1904 small scale industries in the district and 203 other factories and workshops. There are 97 cotton ginning mills and 101 oil mills.

The major industries are:

  1. The Singareni Collieries Co. Ltd, Bellampally
  2. Coal Chemical Complex, Ramakrishnapur, near Mancherial
  3. The Sirpur Paper Mills Ltd., Kagaznagar
  4. Orient Cement Factory, Devapur
  5. The Mancherial Cement Co. Ltd, Mancherial
  6. Adilabad Cotton & Oil Mills, Adilabad
  7. Uma Ginning Factory, Adilabad
  8. Penganga Oils Ltd., Adilabad
  9. Quality Spinning Mills, Bhainsa
  10. The Adilabad Cotton Growers Coop.
  11. The Nataraj Spinning and Weaving mill, Nirmal[Now Defunct]
  12. Annapurna Cement Ltd., Samela, Asifabad.
  13. The SirSilk Ltd., Kagaznagar [Now Defunct]
  14. Annapurna Cement Ltd., Samela, Asifabad.
  15. Sri Sai Venkat Oil Industries,Adilabad

Handicrafts and artisans

Toy making crafts Dhokra casting crafts are very popular in Adilabad District.

Nirmal for toy making & Ushagaon, Jamgaon & Keslaguda village of Jainoor & Kerameri mandal for Dhokra casting, as provided a natural location for the world famoys toys & Dhokra casting.

The artisans at Nirmal produced articles of artistic content and features reflecting the local life and environment. The present day trend is on making animals birds fruits and vegetable which is appearance look as real as the natural pieces.

The Dhokra casting artisans are living in this district since last 100 years and producting tribal ornaments zoomporphic figures in particulars horses, elephants either with or without rider, birds, animals bells and lamps.

The stimulate the growth of toys of Nirmal and Dhokra casting at Jamgaon & Ushagaon villages of Jainoor mandal.

The artisans was organised on co-operative lines with a view to make it

  1. serve as an instalment for generating employment
  2. to offer the public variety of artistic products
  3. extend financial assistance and various common facilities and other benefits to promote production and marketing of products.

Adilabad ranks first in revenue generation from mineral deposits in Andhra Pradesh. It is well endowed with rich reserves of coal, iron ore, lime stone and clays.

Household indicators

In 2007–2008 the International Institute for Population Sciences interviewed 1029 households in 37 villages across the district.[5] They found that 85.3 % had access to electricity, 88 % had drinking water, 25.3 % toilet facilities, and 10.4 % lived in a pucca (permanent) home.[5] 29.1 % of girls wed before the legal age of 18[6] and 86.8 % of interviewees carried a BPL card.[5]

Divisions

Political divisions

The Adilabad district has one Parliamentary constituency and ten Assembly constituencies. Adilabad is the parliamentary constituency. The assembly constituencies are Adilabad, Asifabad, Boath, Chinnoor, Khanapur, Mancherial, Bellampalli, Mudhole, Nirmal and Sirpur.[7]

Adilabad Parliamentary Constituency Members

Lok Sabha Duration Candidate Name Party
First 17.4.1952 - 4.4.1957 Shri C. Madhava Reddi Socialist
Second 5.4.1957 - 31.3.1962 Shri K. Ashanna Congress
Third 2.4.1962 - 3.3.1967 Shri C. Madhava Reddy and Shri Narayan G. Reddy Congress
Fourth 4.3.1967 - 27.12.1970 Shri P. Ganga Reddy Congress
Fifth 15.3.1971 - 18.1.1977 Shri P. Ganga Reddy Congress
Sixth 23.3.1977 - 22.8.1979 Shri G. Narsimha Reddy Congress
Seventh 10.1.1980 - 31.12.1984 Shri G. Narsimha Reddy Congress
Eight 31.12.1984 - 27.11.1989 Shri C. Madhava Reddi TDP
Ninth 2.12.1989 - 13.3.1991 Shri P.Narsa Reddy Congress
Tenth 20.6.1991 - 10.5.1996 Allola Indrakaran Reddy TDP
Eleventh 15.5.1996 - 4.12.1997 Dr. Samudrala Venu Gopalachary TDP
Twelfth 10.3.1998 - 26.4.1999 Dr. Samudrala Venu Gopalachary TDP
Thirteenth 1999–2004 Samudrala Venu Gopalachary TDP
Fourteenth 15.5.2004 - 11.4.2009 Madhusudan Reddy/Allola Indrakaran Reddy TRS/Congress
Fifteenth 15.5.2009 - Till date Rathod Ramesh TDP

Administive divisions

Adilabad district comprises 52 Mandals and 1743 villages. There are 7 Municipalities in the district.

The district is divided into 5 divisions:

  1. Adilabad
  2. Nirmal
  3. Utnoor
  4. Asifabad
  5. Mancherial

Mandals of Adilabad district are:

  1. Adilabad
  2. Asifabad
  3. Bazarhathnoor
  4. Bejjur
  5. Bellampalle
  6. Bhainsa
  7. Bheemini
  8. Boath
  9. [ [Bela] ]
  10. Chinnoor
  11. Dahegaon
  12. Dandepalle
  13. Dilawarpur
  14. Gudihathnur
  15. Ichoda
  16. Inderavelly
  17. Jainad
  18. Jainoor
  19. Jaipur
  20. Jannaram
  21. Kaddam Peddur
  22. Kagaznagar
  23. Kasipet
  24. Kerameri
  25. Khanapur
  26. Kotapalle
  27. Kouthala
  28. Kubeer
  29. Kuntala
  30. Lakshettipet
  31. Laxmanchanda
  32. Lokeswaram
  33. Mamda
  34. Mancherial
  35. Mandamarri
  36. Mudhole
  37. Narnoor
  38. Nennal
  39. Neradigonda
  40. Nirmal
  41. Rebbena
  42. Sarangapur
  43. Sirpur T
  44. Sirpur U
  45. Talamadugu
  46. Tamsi
  47. Tandur
  48. Tanur
  49. Tiryani
  50. Utnoor
  51. Vemanpalle
  52. Wankdi.

The seven municipalites in the district are:

  1. Adilabad
  2. Mancherial
  3. Bellampalli
  4. Mandamarri
  5. Nirmal
  6. Bhainsa
  7. Kagaznagar

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Adilabad district has a population of 2,737,738 ,[8] roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica[9] or the US state of Nevada.[10] This gives it a ranking of 143rd in India (out of a total of 640).[8] The district has a population density of 170 inhabitants per square kilometre (440 /sq mi) .[8] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 10.04 %.[8] Adilabad has a sex ratio of 1003 females for every 1000 males,[8] and a literacy rate of 61.55 %.[8]

Languages

Languages used in the district include Andh, an Indo-Aryan language spoken by 100 000 people.[12] There is a significant population of ethnic Multani speaking muslims who are said to have migrated from Multan (present day Pakistan) about 2 centuries ago concentrated mostly in the towns of Sirkonda, Gundial and Seshupatnam. Although fluent in Telugu and Urdu, Multani Punjabi is spoken in their homes.

Culture

The Saraswathi temple at Basar, attracts tousands of pilgrimages every day for "Akshrabhyasa" of their children.There is a temple at Utnoor and Nagoba temple at Keslapur. Every year lakhs of tribals gather at Keslapur for the Jatra. There is a Satyanarayana temple at Gudem, Luxettipet and CSI Church at Luxettipet town. At both these places an annual fare will be held every year.

Notable personalities

Politicians

IAS officers

Flora and fauna

The Pranahita wild life sanctuary, Sivaram wild life sanctuary and Kawal wild life sanctuary attracts tourists throughout year. Tiger, wild bore, bear, deer, nilgai, bison, monkey, long tailed monkey are some of the wild animals inhibited in the district.

Health services

There are 9 hospitals under Andhra Pradesh Vaidya Vidhana Parishad in Adilabad district.[13] There is a district government hospital at Adilabad, two area hospitals at Mancherial and Bhainsa and seven community health centers at Asifabad, Bellampalle, Khanapur, Nirmal, Sirpur Chinnoor and Utnoor. Moreover, a new government medical institute named Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS)has been constructed in the 53.5 Acres of land at government hospital, Adilabad in the year 2008.[14]

See also

Adilabad

References

  1. ^ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 2009-12-11. http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html. Retrieved 2011-09-17. 
  2. ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Andhra Pradesh: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1111–1112. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7. 
  3. ^ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 1998-02-18. http://islands.unep.ch/Tiarea.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-11. "Bathurst Island 16042km2" 
  4. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (September 8, 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme". National Institute of Rural Development. http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf. Retrieved September 27, 2011. 
  5. ^ a b c "District Level Household and Facility Survey (DLHS-3), 2007-08: India. Andhra Prades" (PDF). International Institute for Population Sciences and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. 2010. http://www.rchiips.org/pdf/rch3/report/AP.pdf. Retrieved 2011-10-03. 
  6. ^ "How Do I? : Obtain Marriage Certificate". National Portal Content Management Team, National Informatics Centre. 2005. http://india.gov.in/howdo/howdoi.php?service=3. Retrieved 2011-10-03. "To be eligible for marriage, the minimum age limit is 21 for males and 18 for females." 
  7. ^ District-wise Assembly Consituencies of Andhra Pradesh
  8. ^ a b c d e f "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php. Retrieved 2011-09-30. 
  9. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html. Retrieved 2011- Jamaica 2,868,380 July 2011 est. 
  10. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php. Retrieved 2011-09-30. "Nevada 2,700,551" 
  11. ^ India Census Maps
  12. ^ M. Paul Lewis, ed (2009). "Andh: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th edition ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=anr. Retrieved 2011-09-28. 
  13. ^ APVVP.Hospitals
  14. ^ RIMS, Adilabad

External links

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Gadchiroli district, Maharashtra
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Nizamabad district Karimnagar district
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